Importance The largest US federal action plan to date for reducing racial disparities in health
care was implemented in 2011 and continues today. It is not known whether this program,
along with other initiatives, is associated with a decrease in racial disparities in the use of
major surgical procedures in the US. Objective To analyze whether national initiatives are
associated with improvement in racial disparities between White and Black patients in the
use of surgical procedures in the US. Design, Setting, and Participants In this case-control …