… biomechanics of vertebrae and intervertebral discs (IVDs) as … a reduction in anterior–posterior
shear forces within the IVDs … the influence of the musculature is on the shear forces after a …

… spine deformations due to the reduced stabilizing capability of the denervated multifidus …
that joint shear forces were decreased with the increase of maximum force of the muscles. …

… of muscle activation and muscle force … force and shear force estimation of lower lumbar
spine. It is important to model multifidus to increase the success rate of simulation and decrease …

… were subsequently reduced. In the intact state and after each … pure bending moments and
pure shear forces. These kinematic … back muscles however, the abdominal wall muscles hold …

… muscles to aid in the ability to resist shear forces through the lumbar spine and, more specifically,
resist the anterior shear … with the exception of L5/S1. Limitations of this study reported …

… reduced ability to offset anterior shear forces, thus increasing the potential risk of anterior
shear… angles between T12 and S1 were calculated using a flexion–extension, lateral bend, and …

… Segmental forces (total compression and shear forces due to the external/gravity/… partly
explain the drop in muscle and hence segmental forces and the increase in disc forces at larger …

… For the same reduction in sacral slope, L4–S1 fusion … shear force could be caused by the
support provided by the chairback or could be thought of as the net action of the trunk muscles …

… to reduced segmental motion in all levels of the lumbar spine … lumbar region, anterior shear
forces of 250 Newtons have been recorded while co-contraction of the abdominal muscles …

… for maintaining the lumbar spine and reduce the effect of … The intervertebral disc and
ligaments between T 12 and L 1 … compression force, facet joint contact force, shear force and …