… new antifouling systems on both target species (ascidians … a protection from health and
environmental risks. Today, all … ) and an organochlorine fungicide (chlorothalonil). The panels …

… to assessing the environmental risk of chlorothalonil in … release from antifouling coatings
used mainly in ship/boat hulls. … and estuarine organisms, including ascidians, bdelloid rotifers, …

… This concentration is similar to that of Paint F, which also contained Chlorothalonil and …
The leaching rate of biocides from the paints, which is fundamental for the risk assessment, is …

… versus eco-friendly antifoulants, highlighting what are effective antifoulants and why there
is a need to monitor them. We examine the effects of biocide and eco-friendly antifoulants on …

… antifouling substances on the reproductive process of the … used in the environmental risk
assessment of harmful single … studies propose the ascidian Ciona intestinalis reproductive …

… As genomic instability and mutation can lead to carcinogenesis, these findings can help
decision-makers regarding banning chlorothalonil use as a fungicide and/or antifouling biocide. …

… if the data are used in ecological risk assessment or as a basis for … biocide TBT, which currently
is banned from antifouling … Interestingly, they found that particularly the low chlorothalonil …

… × 10 −1 for open seas, shipping lanes, commercial harbors, and marinas, respectively),
indicating that the use of camptothecin as a marine antifoulant posed little environmental risk. …

… Ascidian oocytes were exposed to a set of six metals (lead, … Due to its high reprotoxicity, the
use of TBT use was globally … It was also tested the effect of a new antifoulant, chlorothalonil, …

… Chlorothalonil (CTL) is widely used in agricultural production and antifoulant additive …
effects on organisms and in particular its reproductive toxicity has been attracted public concern. …