… A pit (Hensen’s pit) marking the underlying CNH develops at … Sox2 [16], enhancers N1
and N2 are activated first in the … with the addition of retinoic acid, and mesodermal tissues are …

… Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta (RARB) gene underlie a syndromic form of microphthalmia,
known as MCOPS12, which is associated with other birth anomalies and global developmental …

… early embryogenesis, the notochord emerges by convergent extension from the Spemann-Mangold
organizer, known as the “shield” in Zebrafish and Hensen's “node… NOG, retinoic acid …

… retinoic acid signaling have all been implicated in generating spatial complexity during early
… strongest around the Hensen's node, whereas posterior genes were enriched around the …

… Hensen's node, or ‘Knoten’, in German, was first given its … where retinoic acid is no longer
catabolised in the regressing node/… , the node acts as an instructive stem cell niche in the early …

… the early postimplantation period. I was very lucky to have Denis as a colleague, because
… that hyaluronic acid and retinoic acid, two of the chemicals whose developmental roles I …

… (2) Retinoic acid signaling in fibro/adipogenic progenitors … Decreased retinoic acid
signaling in the skeletal muscle … earlier, and acetate is preferred for the synthesis of fatty acid …

… be retinoic acid (RA), the active metabolite of vitamin A. This molecule is produced in the
somites of the embryo by the enzyme Raldh2 [17,18,19]. RA restricts the early … The first or initial …

… In fact, even earlier fossils of the Precambrian such as … Developmental regulation of somite
derivatives: muscle, … bistability by antagonistic gradients of retinoic acid and FGF signaling. …

… Given this conceptual basis, cell biology - a rich field in biology with history going back …
essential general background information in this first chapter. First I will give a brief overview of …