SARS-CoV-2 recombinant proteins stimulate distinct cellular and humoral immune response profiles in samples from COVID-19 convalescent patients
Clinics, 2021•SciELO Brasil
OBJECTIVES: In this preliminary study we investigated cellular and humoral immune
responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in
blood samples from 14 recovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and
compared them to those in samples from 12 uninfected/unvaccinated volunteers.
METHODS: Cellular immunity was assessed by intracellular detection of IFN-γ in CD3+ T
lymphocytes after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1), nucleocapsid (NC), or receptor …
responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in
blood samples from 14 recovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and
compared them to those in samples from 12 uninfected/unvaccinated volunteers.
METHODS: Cellular immunity was assessed by intracellular detection of IFN-γ in CD3+ T
lymphocytes after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1), nucleocapsid (NC), or receptor …
OBJECTIVES
In this preliminary study we investigated cellular and humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in blood samples from 14 recovered coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and compared them to those in samples from 12 uninfected/unvaccinated volunteers.
METHODS
Cellular immunity was assessed by intracellular detection of IFN-γ in CD3+ T lymphocytes after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1), nucleocapsid (NC), or receptor-binding domain (RBD) recombinant proteins or overlapping peptide pools covering the sequence of SARS-CoV-2 spike, membrane and nucleocapsid regions. The humoral response was examined by ELISAs and/or chemiluminescence assays for the presence of serum IgG antibodies directed to SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
RESULTS
We observed differences between humoral and cellular immune profiles in response to stimulation with the same proteins. Assays of IgG antibodies directed to SARS-CoV-2 NC, RBD and S1/S2 recombinant proteins were able to differentiate convalescent from uninfected/unvaccinated groups. Cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 protein stimuli did not exhibit a specific response, as T cells from both individuals with no history of contact with SARS-CoV-2 and from recovered donors were able to produce IFN-γ.
CONCLUSIONS
Determination of the cellular immune response to stimulation with a pool of SARS-CoV-2 peptides but not with SARS-CoV-2 proteins is able to distinguish convalescent individuals from unexposed individuals. Regarding the humoral immune response, the screening for serum IgG antibodies directed to SARS-CoV-2 proteins has been shown to be specific for the response of recovered individuals.
SciELO Brasil
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