… Understanding causal relationships between immune and … stress suppresses adaptive
cellular and humoral immunity, the … and their secreted substances integrate signals from multiple …

… between the brain and the immune system at three different levels: the initiator, the mediators,
and the targets. The brain is the initiator of the stress response… the brain is integrated at two …

… A direct link between glucocorticoids and oxidative stress has been demonstrated in mice
exposed to psychosocial … Social integration may be an effective momentum in the fight of the …

… of brain regions that may be relevant for brain–immune system … the connections between the
brain, psychological states and … light of the relationship between the SNS and stress (Box 3). …

… brain circuitry, peripheral connections, and chemical messengers underlying an integrated
ANS-HPA-immune … ANS, and its connections to HPA axis, and immune system. The second …

… Microglia have been well documented in relation to neuroinflammation. It is in the past 15
years that the relationship between stress and microglial responses becomes clearer. The first …

… affecting the immunity and inhibition of all endocrine systems that … important in chronic stress
and immune response because it … , constitutes an important link between stress and illness. …

… the link between stress and microbiota is bidirectional – stress can influence the microbiota
and the microbiome can influence the impact of stress … questions about integration and about …

… its pathogenic infection, injury or stress 21 . A growing number of … centres in the brain 32
for processing and integration. The … Evidence for a relationship between type I interferons and …

… The intricate relationships between innate immunity and brain … , and post-traumatic stress
disorder. The present review … interconnections between the immune response and brain …