Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative
disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). MS is characterized by immune
dysregulation, which results in the infiltration of the CNS by immune cells, triggering
demyelination, axonal damage, and neurodegeneration. Although the exact causes of MS
are not fully understood, genetic and environmental factors are thought to control MS onset
and progression. In this article, we review the main immunological mechanisms involved in …