… Dark blue bars and red bars are the meals and insulin boluses, respectively. Solid magenta
… 30 minutes ahead by evaluating 30 times a discretized version (Euler method with 1-minute …

… discuss various insulin administration and delivery methods … of insulin after a meal is
known as “first-phase insulin release”… of information about the meal size, and timing; (ii) the …

… insulin self-test their blood glucose levels four times daily or more to establish the pattern
of glucose through the day and to comply with the HSE guidelines [20]. At the times … eating …

… a systematic approach to improving … 4 times/day or using CGM, administering three or more
insulin boluses daily, using an insulin pump, administering bolus insulin doses before meals, …

… insulin: Also known as meal-time or prandial insulin, this helps manage hyperglycemia
associated with carbohydrate intake from meals, … method for calculating nutritional insulin dose is …

… advances in automated insulin delivery (AID) technologies. Numerous randomized controlled
trials and real-world studies have shown that the use of AID systems is safe and effective …

… take insulin injections several times a day or carry an insulin … sensitive different method for
assessing insulin concentration … designed for storing food and optimized for food safety (0C-4…

… and health care system improvement for this important … the user to give an insulin bolus with
meals. All of these terms are … the current method for checking inpatient glucose levels, is time-…

… -loop insulin-only systems have shown that time in … insulins, the fully closed-loop approach
may be most suited to those with higher HbA1cs who have a high frequency of missed meal …

… This approach helped to maintain the integrity of the trial by … real-time remote access to
glucose sensor and insulin pump … , meal-time aggressiveness, period of maximal insulin activity …