… Changes to the carbon isotopic composition of marine carbonates are therefore an … isotopic
gradients with depth as well as the overall spatial heterogeneity of δ 13 C in the global ocean …

… isotope ratios in fossil plankton shells to tell us how ocean … of warming, patterns of carbon
isotope change are inconsistent … oxygen (a) and carbon (b) isotope gradients with test size for …

… There were pronounced vertical gradients in major ions, metals, and nutrients that suggested
large differences in … The stable carbon isotope ratios are reported as δ 13 C org and δ 13 C …

… ), corrected for lipid content and the Suess effect (oceanic changes in CO 2 over time), …
carbon isotope analyses. Biochemical processes alter δ 13 C values between a consumer and its …

… changes. Combined with existing data, these new results reveal a persistent meridional
gradient of seawater ε Nd in the Atlantic Ocean … that weaker AMOC and changes in Nd sources …

… Carbonate δ 13 C variation between JJS (−2 to +2‰), ZK01 (… records a pronounced vertical
carbon-isotope gradient in the … a carbon isotopic gradient developed in the interglacial ocean…

… that ocean surface temperature gradients … carbon isotope shift (LMCIS). Horizontal blue
and pink lines represent the intervals between which the amplitude of long-term SST changes (…

… isotope data, the variations of sedimentary δ 98/95 Mo values from shallow shelf to deepwater
slope … , radiometric ages and organic carbon isotopes in this study still provides a useful …

… quantify the distributions and changes in water mass mixing … a strong ocean front occurred
in the bay after the typhoon. … maximum gradient consistent with salinity and dual water isotopes…

… from bulk DOC by using stable oxygen isotope ratio (δ 18 O) and … the East Siberian and
Chukchi shelf and slope regions. The … that the Arctic changes associated with ocean circulation, …