… is a potential factor in causing multiple sclerosis in recent years, but this conclusion remains
… the correlation between multiple sclerosis and chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency. …

… Venous percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (vPTA) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)
and chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) have shown contradictory results. …

… Zamboni has coined the term chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) to depict
this clinical entity [2] [3] [4] [5]. He suggested that venous abnormalities may play a primary …

… To assess the presence and the entity of the chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI),
we performed protocol Duplex imaging,19,20,23,26,27 that was acquired with high-…

… Systematic review of sonographic chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency findings in …
Proposed chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency criteria do not predict multiple sclerosis …

… effects in MS revealed a suggestive role for abnormal flow in the medullary vein system.
Evidence for venous involvement in multiple sclerosis dates back to the early pathological work …

… Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system affecting
approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. (Leray et al., 2016) It is one of the most common …

… drainage, has been heatedly discussed over its role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
(MS) in the last decades (1-4). However, with the increasing evidence of CCSVI not unique …

… of the cerebral venous system, the disturbance of the extracranial cerebrospinal venous system
… disease, multiple sclerosis, migraine, and Ménière disease with the IJVs and/or azygous …

… Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is unlikely to be a direct trigger of multiple
sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2013;2 (04):334–339. Doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2013.02.004 …