… GERD can be complicated by reflux esophagitis and peptic esophageal strictures, which
occasionally can be difficult to treat and hence might be considered refractory. Patients …

… By definition, there should be no link between reflux and symptoms in functional heartburn.
… evidence of pathologic gastroesophageal reflux (ie, significant peptic esophagitis, Barrett’s …

… When esophageal acid exposure time (AET) is physiologic, ROME … functional esophageal
disorders into functional heartburn (FH, with negative reflux‐symptom association) and reflux …

… mucosal abnormalities, such as erosive esophagitis and BE. Biopsy specimens obtained …
been associated with heartburn such as eosinophilic esophagitis and lymphocytic esophagitis. …

BACKGROUND Heartburn is identically the key symptom of both, gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD) and functional heartburn (FHB), making the differential diagnosis resource-…

… years gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was equated with erosive esophagitis (EE), …
drugs) were performed in patients with reflux esophagitis. However, in the two past decades, …

… with functional heartburn. The mean EAT-10 score did not differ between functional heartburn,
… Endoscopic assessment of oesophagitis: clinical and functional correlates and further …

… acid reflux association, and lack of response to PPIs identified patients with functional
heartburn … , gastro-esophageal reflux disease, erosive esophagitis, non-erosive reflux disease (…

… are five functional esophageal disorders: functional heartburn, functional chest pain, reflux
… Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and refractory heartburn have been …

… functional heartburn, which are functional disorders. These require a different approach from
that of GERD … stricture, or erosive esophagitis Los Angeles C or D) and exposure to acid in …