… Objectives: In this brief report, we estimate alcohol affordability in European Union … of
alcohol affordability in Europe, the estimates only give a bird’s eye view. We defined affordability …

… Alcohol is very affordable in the Region and alcohol taxes have clearly been under-utilized
as a … For wine, the EU imposes no minimum tax rate per litre of the finished product, and 15 …

The World Health Organization has rated alcohol abuse as one of the leading risk factors for …
of alcohol affordability (AA) measures as important instruments to monitor alcohol control …

… effects of the tax change on a measure of affordability of different non-alcoholic beverages,
… a 10% or 18% net increase in the tax rate, and we assumed 10% as the most conservative …

… alcohol. Here we seek to develop the alcohol affordability construct and consider factors that
… expected to influence the demand for alcohol and any implications for alcohol price policy. …

… for tax revenues, economic affordability and hence consumption and deaths attributable to
tobacco and alcohol. … It is likely that if only the tax rates on alcohol had been adjusted to the …

… approach to reducing the affordability, availability and attractiveness of alcohol in line with
… Region do not regularly adjust their excise tax rates to keep pace with inflation. According to …

… alcohol affordability, and so other metrics have been developed. For example, Kan and Lau
[14] measure alcohol affordability in … real tax rates on alcohol, an indexed excise tax on a per-…

… of measures to reduce alcohol consumption and alcohol-related … South Africa, that heavy
drinking is related to the recent … tax and other costs and make such products more affordable [10…

… increase because of higher overall affordability of alcohol. In addition, empirically, lowering
of taxation did not lead to lower unrecorded consumption in several of the examples. …