Background Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is significantly linked to the short-
or long-term health of offspring. However, little research has examined whether MSDP affect …

Background: Previous studies have reported inconsistent results on the causal association
between habitual tea consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study …

Background Stroke is a devastating global health issue, with high mortality and disability
rates. The increasing prevalence of male infertility among reproductive-aged men has …

Objective Menopause at a young age is associated with many health problems in women,
including osteoporosis, depressive symptoms, coronary disease, and stroke. Many …

It has been suggested that increased risk for testicular cancer occurring worldwide may be
due to exposures during fetal development. Lifestyle or environmental exposures may be …

Background Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone and oestradiol have been
associated with many diseases in observational studies; however, the causality of …

Objective To study the effects of maternal smoking on pregnancy outcome and placental
histopathology findings. Materials & methods Maternal and labor characteristics and …

Background In pregnancy, women are encouraged to cease smoking and limit caffeine
intake. We employed objective definitions of smoking and caffeine exposure to assess their …

BACKGROUND Exposure to tobacco smoking prenatally is a risk factor for reduced semen
quality, but whether the exposure has adverse effects on reproductive hormones, pubertal …

Miscarriage is a common adverse pregnancy outcome, impacting approximately 15% of
pregnancies. Herein, we present results of the largest trans-ancestral genome wide …