In recent years, research has revealed more about the factors underlying the pathogenesis
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In particular, inflammation in the lungs …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects more than 24 million individuals in
the United States, although at least half of the cases are not diagnosed. Proactive diagnosis …

COPD is recognised as one of the major health challenges for the coming decades. This is
primarily driven by a growing burden of the disease due to persistent exposure to tobacco …

The pharmacological treatment of exacerbations of COPD has not significantly changed in
the last decades. The use of short-acting bronchodilators to improve symptoms, systemic …

COPD is a preventable and treatable disease with patients showing a great disease
heterogeneity with respect to risk of exacerbations, symptomatology and health status. Dual …

Guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management are based
largely on results from double-blind randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of efficacy. These …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major causes of disability and
death. Maintenance use of inhaled bronchodilator (s) is the cornerstone of COPD …

Current practice guidelines for the treatment of COPD recommend the use of combined
inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting bronchodilators in severe and very severe patients …

Clinical management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations is of
high importance because exacerbations reduce quality of life, increase mortality and carry …

Three sets of guidelines for the management of COPD that are widely recognized (from the
European Respiratory Society [ERS], American Thoracic Society [ATS], and British Thoracic …