“Safety first,” we say these words almost every day, but we all take this for granted for what
Maslow proposed in his famous theory of Hierarchy of Needs: safety needs come second to …

The relationship between adverse experiences and the emergence of pathology has often
focused on characteristics of the stressor or of the individual (stressor appraisals, coping …

In the search for the underlying biological causes of psychiatric disorders, primary roles for
both genetics and environment have been clearly established. A family history of mood or …

Stress responses are essential for survival, but become detrimental to health and cognition
with chronic activation. Chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis release of …

Aversive events can evoke strong emotions that trigger cerebral neuroactivity to facilitate
behavioral and cognitive shifts to secure physiological stability. However, upon intense …

Resilience has been conceptualized as a dynamic developmental process encompassing
the attainment of positive adaptation within the context of significant threat, severe adversity …

Extensive research documents the impact of psychosocial stress on risk for the development
of psychiatric symptoms across one's lifespan. Further, evidence exists that cognitive …

Resilience is commonly conceptualized as the ability to adapt and thrive despite
experiencing adversity (Masten et al., 1995; Elder, 1998; Masten & Coatsworth, 1998). A …

Stress is a popular topic these days. There is seldom a week that will pass by without one
hearing or reading about stress and its deleterious effects on health. In popular terms, stress …

From a combined neurobiological and evolution-theoretical perspective, the stress response
is a subcortically subserved response to uncertainty that is not 'generated'but 'default': the …