Two new clinical trials together involving nearly 30,000 patients support previous
observational evidence that the most common solution used for intravenous fluid therapy in …

Background The infusion of crystalloid solutions is a fundamental part of the management of
critically ill patients. These solutions are used to maintain the balance of water and essential …

BACKGROUND: To assess whether use of low-chloride solutions in unselected critically ill
or perioperative adult patients for maintenance or resuscitation reduces mortality and renal …

Abstract “Balanced” solutions are commonly defined as intravenous fluids having an
electrolyte composition close to that of plasma. As such, they should minimally affect acid …

Acute electrolyte and acid-base imbalance is experienced by many children following
kidney transplant. This is partly because doctors give very large volumes of artificial fluids to …

Abstract Intravenous 0.9% saline has saved countless lives since it was introduced over a
century ago. It remains the most widespread crystalloid in both adult and pediatric practice …

Background Fluid excess may place patients undergoing surgery at risk for various
complications. Hypertonic saline (HS) maintains intravascular volume with less intravenous …

Background Infusion therapy is one of the most frequently prescribed medications in
hospitalized patients. Currently used crystalloid solutes have a variable composition and …

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, serious, but potentially treatable
condition. Because AKI is often associated with acidosis, it has become common practice to …

Background Perioperative fluid strategies influence clinical outcomes following major
surgery. Many intravenous fluid preparations are based on simple solutions, such as normal …