Opinion statement The treatment of a carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) depends on the
severity of the clinical symptoms, its angiographic characteristics, and the risk it presents for …

Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are anomalous connections between the carotid
circulation and the cavernous sinus, and may cause significant morbidity. Endovascular …

Aims Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are abnormal communications between the carotid
arterial system and the cavernous sinus that occur mainly in elderly. Occasionally, treatment …

We encountered 8 cases of high-flow and direct carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) since 1994.
Four patients were treated with transarterial fistula occlusions using detachable balloons …

Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) are vascular communications between the carotid artery
and the cavernous sinus. Ophthalmologists are called to diagnose and manage the …

Background A carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication
between the internal carotid artery and/or the external carotid artery and the cavernous …

Purpose Since feeding arteries from both the internal and external carotid artery are
common, cavernous fistulas of Barrow type D are difficult to treat. Embolization using the …

A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the cavernous
sinus and the carotid arterial system. A CCF is divided into two categories, direct and …

Carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication-vascular connection
between arteries and veins in the cavernous sinus. Classification according to etiology is …

Sažetak During the last five-year period, eight patients were hospitalized at University
Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital, for elaboration and …