ABSTRACT A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal vascular connection, which
allows blood to flow either directly or indirectly from the carotid artery into the cavernous …

A carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal vascular communication between
internal carotid artery or external carotid artery and veins within cavernous sinus (CS). CCF …

Introduction Endovascular treatment offers different options to treat CCF by less invasive
approach avoiding morbidity and residual fistulas. The choice depends on the anatomy of …

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Carotico-cavernous fistula (CCF) are abnormal connections
between arteries and veins within the cavernous sinus. The aim of the treatment is to close …

Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) are abnormal arteriovenous anastomoses between the
internal carotid artery (ICA) and the cavernous sinus (CS). CCFs can be classified as …

A carotid-cavernous fistula is a rare vascular anomaly involving abnormal communication
between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. This condition leads to the shunting of …

Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a condition with abnormal flow from the carotid artery to
the cavernous sinus. The characteristic clinical findings are ophthalmic monoplegia, ptosis …

Introduction: An indirect carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal connection between
the internal or external carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. The optic, trochlear …

We describe the case of an 83-year-old woman with left-sided ophthalmoplegia. She had no
family history of connective tissue disease. The computed tomography study found a dilated …

Carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal vascular connection between the carotid
artery and the cavernous sinus. There are various classifications based on haemodynamic …