Every mammalian species harbours a gut microbiota, and variation in the gut microbiota
within mammalian species can have profound effects on host phenotypes. In this review, we …

Our knowledge of how the gut microbiome relates to mammalian evolution benefits from the
identification of gut microbial taxa that are unexpectedly prevalent or unexpectedly …

Over the past decade several studies have reported that the gut microbiomes of mammals
with similar dietary niches exhibit similar compositional and functional traits. However, these …

A massive number of microorganisms, belonging to different species, continuously divide
inside the guts of animals and humans. The large size of these communities and their rapid …

In vertebrates, including humans, individuals harbor gut microbial communities whose
species composition and relative proportions of dominant microbial groups are …

The mammalian gut is home to a diverse community of microbes. Advances in technology
over the past two decades have allowed us to examine this community, the gut microbiota, in …

The recent emergence of powerful genomic tools, such as high‐throughput genomics,
transcriptomics and metabolomics, combined with the study of gnotobiotic animals, have …

Although the diversity of microbial communities (microbiota) inhabiting body niches are of
proven importance to health in both humans and non-human animals, the functional …

Whether mammal–microbiome interactions are persistent and specific over evolutionary
time is controversial. Here we show that host phylogeny and major dietary shifts have …

The trillions of microbes living in the gut—the gut microbiota—play an important role in
human biology and disease. While much has been done to explore its diversity, a full …