The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to environmental aggressions including
allergens, infections, and pollution. The immune system is pivotal to fight potential invaders …

Introduction The prevalence of chronic inflammatory airway diseases is rising. Their
treatment with corticosteroids increases infection risk, while overuse of antimicrobial agents …

Immunopharmacology represents the boundary between the immune system and chemical
mediators of the inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses. The subject as applied to the …

New knowledge about the pathogenesis of allergic and immunologic diseases has led to a
variety of novel targeted therapeutic approaches. Many immunomodulators are currently …

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are diseases of the airways with
an underlying inflammatory component. The prevalence and healthcare burden of asthma …

Asthma affects over 300 million people worldwide and its prevalence is increasing. COPD is
the third leading cause of death globally. Asthma and COPD are complex inflammatory …

During the past ten years, the pharmaceutical industry has focussed on treating chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as distinct to asthma, and no novel anti-inflammatory …

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are diseases of the airways with
an underlying inflammatory component. The prevalence and healthcare burden of asthma …

The current asthma therapies are not cures and symptoms return soon after treatment is
stopped even after long term treatment. Although inhaled glucocorticoids are highly effective …

This chronic inflammatory change and repetitive injury from tobacco smoke and other
exposures propagate a cascade of events, including airway remodeling, that results in fixed …