Although the existence of different personality traits within and between animal populations
has been relatively well established, the ecological implications of this variation remain …

Consistent inter-individual variation in behaviour within a population, widely referred to as
personality variation, can be affected by environmental context. Feedbacks between an …

A perplexing new question that has emerged from the recent surge of interest in behavioural
syndromes or animal personalities is–why do individual animals behave consistently when …

Individual variation in the behavior of prey can influence predation risk in complex ways. We
ran individual roach (Rutilus rutilus), a common freshwater fish, through a standard refuge …

Behavioural variation is known to occur between individuals of the same population
competing for resources. Individuals also vary with respect to their boldness or shyness. An …

Consistent individual differences in behavioural responses to perceived predation risk may
have extensive ecological and evolutionary implications. We studied the repeatability of …

Boldness refers to the extent to which animals balance risk against benefits when engaging
in such behaviors as foraging, exploration or resource competition. Evidence suggests that …

Boldness, the tendency to be explorative, risk prone and proactive, often varies consistently
between individuals. An individual's position on the boldness–shyness continuum has many …

Highlights•We studied individual variation in the behaviour of wild pike cichlid
predators.•Predators were repeatedly presented with prey stimuli and no-prey …

It is well established that animals often differ consistently from one another in their
behaviour. Most work has focused on consistent differences in average behaviour, generally …