The interaction between the brain and the gut has been recognized for many centuries. This
bidirectional interaction occurs via neural, immunological and hormonal routes, and is …

It may be surprising to learn that the human gastrointestinal tract is home to 1014 bacterial
organisms. 1 In fact, there are more bacteria in the gut than there are somatic cells in the …

Brain development is an energy demanding process that relies heavily upon diet derived
nutrients. Gut microbiota enhance the host's ability to extract otherwise inaccessible energy …

Over the past few years, scientific interest in the gut–brain axis (ie, the bidirectional
communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain) has exploded …

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in female adolescents
and exhibits the highest mortality risk of all psychiatric disorders. Evidence for the …

Traditionally recognized as mental illnesses, eating disorders are increasingly appreciated
to be biologically-driven. There is a growing body of literature that implicates a role of the gut …

The high comorbidity of psychological disorders in both functional and organic
gastrointestinal diseases suggests the intimate and complex link between the brain and the …

Over the past decade, the gut microbiota has emerged as a key component in regulating
brain processes and behavior. Diet is one of the major factors involved in shaping the gut …

Introduction The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a term that is commonly used and covers a
broad set of functions and interactions between the gut microbiome, endocrine, immune and …

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a highly specialized sensory organ that provides crucial
negative feedback during a meal, partly via a gut–brain axis. More specifically …