Behavioural variation is known to occur between individuals of the same population
competing for resources. Individuals also vary with respect to their boldness or shyness. An …

Boldness refers to the extent to which animals balance risk against benefits when engaging
in such behaviors as foraging, exploration or resource competition. Evidence suggests that …

A perplexing new question that has emerged from the recent surge of interest in behavioural
syndromes or animal personalities is–why do individual animals behave consistently when …

Although the existence of different personality traits within and between animal populations
has been relatively well established, the ecological implications of this variation remain …

The grouping behaviour of fish is a widespread phenomenon of high biological significance
but little is known as to how consistent individual behavioural differences may affect group …

It is well established that animals often differ consistently from one another in their
behaviour. Most work has focused on consistent differences in average behaviour, generally …

Highlights•We investigated social attraction during the collective behaviour of pairs of
fish.•Social attraction was positively correlated with better coordination in the pair.•Individual …

Behavioural traits that co-vary across contexts or situations often reflect fundamental trade-
offs which individuals experience in different contexts (eg fitness trade-offs between …

Within populations of many species, individuals that are otherwise similar to one another in
age, size or sex can differ markedly in behaviours such as resource use, risk taking and …

Natural selection often promotes a mix of behavioural phenotypes in a population. Adaptive
variation in the propensity to take risks might explain individual differences in shyness and …