In the course of El Salvador's Civil War, kids as young as 11 and 12 years old were trained
and used as soldiers. The war devastated the small nation and displaced approximately one …

Institutionalized gangs are youth groups that have developed the ability to persist, expand,
and restructure organizationally around criminal activities and have imposed their norms …

Across Latin America armed groups have come to dominate large sectors of social political
and economic activity in poor and working-class communities. While scholars have noted …

This paper reviews the trajectory of the Salvadoran gang truce and provides some
reflections about the political conditions and implications of this unique process. It is mostly …

On the basis of longitudinal ethnographic research carried out in a poor neighbourhood in
Managua (Nicaragua) in 1996-97 and 2002-03, this paper describes the dynamics of urban …

Territorial gangs are among today's main perpetrators of urban violence, affecting the lives
of millions of other people. They try to gain control of a territory in which they then oversee all …

In this policy brief, sponsored by SolucionES and conducted by FUNDE, a member of the
SolucionES Alliance with Arizona State University, we present the main findings from the …