Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart and pathological circulatory conditions, are
the world's leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Endothelial dysfunction involved in …

Endothelial dysfunction (ED) in the setting of cardiovascular risk factors such as
hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic smoking as well as in …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive intermediates of molecular oxygen that act as
important second messengers within the cells; however, an imbalance between generation …

Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of
atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis develops as the first step of vascular endothelial …

In response to physiologic stimuli, endothelial cells dynamically regulate arterial vascular
tone by producing vasodilators and vasoconstrictors. Risk factors for atherosclerosis, such …

Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress are the main pathophysiological mechanisms of
several diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus …

Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated as a key factor in the development of a wide
range of cardiovascular diseases, but its definition and mechanisms vary greatly between …

The vascular endothelium is involved in the release of various vasodilators, including nitric
oxide (NO), prostacyclin and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, as well as …

An imbalance of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), so-called “oxidative
stress,” may promote endothelial dysfunction, leading to cardiovascular complications …

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and its complications are the leading cause of death
worldwide. Inflammatory activation and dysfunction of the endothelium are key events in the …