In a rapidly changing world, quantifying ecosystem resilience is an important challenge.
Historically, resilience has been defined via models that do not take spatial effects into …

Alternative stable states in ecology have been well studied in isolated, well-mixed systems.
However, in reality, most ecosystems exist on spatially extended landscapes. Applying …

Environmental changes can affect the functioning of an ecosystem directly, through the
response of individual life forms, or indirectly, through interspecific interactions and …

Vegetation or habitat types are ecological phases, which can assume multiple states, and
transformations from one type of phase to another are ecological phase transitions. If an …

Although alternative stable states are commonly found in simple models, it seems
reasonable to assume that the response of real ecosystems to environmental change should …

Ecological resilience is the ability of a system to persist in the face of perturbations. Although
resilience has been a highly influential concept, its interpretation has remained largely …

An explicit link between the abiotic environment, the biotic components of ecosystems, and
resilience to disturbance across multiple scales is needed to operationalize the concept of …

A range of indicators have been proposed for identifying the elevated risk of critical
transitions in ecosystems. Most indicators are based on the idea that critical slowing down …

Ecosystems' responses to changing environmental conditions can be modulated by spatial
self-organization. A prominent example of this can be found in drylands, where formation of …

Spatial patterns at the landscape scale have been documented in a wide variety of
ecosystems across many parts of the world. Mathematical models have played an important …