Codon usage bias is the preferential or non-random use of synonymous codons, a
ubiquitous phenomenon observed in bacteria, plants and animals. Different species have …

Synonymous codon usage biases are associated with various biological factors, such as
gene expression level, gene length, gene translation initiation signal, protein amino acid …

In most bacteria, synonymous codons are not used with equal frequencies. Different factors
have been proposed to contribute to codon usage preference, including translational …

Background It is widely acknowledged that synonymous codons are used unevenly among
genes in a genome. In organisms under translational selection, genes encoding highly …

Codon usage bias is a ubiquitous phenomenon, which may be caused by mutational bias,
selection, or both. The patterns of codon usage in plants are not well understood. Datasets …

Codon usage bias refers to the phenomenon where specific codons are used more often
than other synonymous codons during translation of genes, the extent of which varies within …

Background Due to the degeneracy of the genetic code, most amino acids can be encoded
by multiple synonymous codons. Synonymous codons naturally occur with different …

Although codon usage is often represented by a 61-dimensional vector, the ability of
determining the codon bias in a gene relies on a uni-dimensional vector which measures …

Synonymous codon usage is biased and the bias seems to be different in different
organisms. Factors with proposed roles in causing codon bias include degree and timing of …

Usage of sequential codon-pairs is non-random and unique to each species. Codon-pair
bias is related to but clearly distinct from individual codon usage bias. Codon-pair bias is …