Early embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation is marked by the formation of three germ
layers from which all tissues types arise. Conventionally, ESCs are differentiated by altering …

Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are both a potential source of cells for tissue replacement
therapies and an accessible tool to model early embryonic development. Chemical factors …

The maintenance of stem cell pluripotency or stemness is crucial to embryonic development
and differentiation. The mechanical or physical microenvironment of stem cells, which …

Mechanical forces are critical to embryogenesis, specifically, in the lineage-specification
gastrulation phase, whereupon the embryo is transformed from a simple spherical ball of …

Embryonic stem cells are conventionally differentiated by modulating specific growth factors
in the cell culture media. Recently the effect of cellular mechanical microenvironment in …

Background The pluripotency and self renewing properties of human embryonic stem cells
(hESC) make them a valuable tool in the fields of developmental biology, pharmacology and …

Stem cells receive numerous cues from their associated substrate that help to govern their
behaviour. However, identification of influential substrate characteristics poses difficulties …

Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are excellent cell culture systems for elucidating developmental
signals that may be part of the stem cell niche. Although stem cells are traditionally induced …

Mechanical or physical cues are associated with the growth and differentiation of embryonic
stem cells (ESCs). While the substrate stiffness or topography independently affects the …

Mechanical forces play an important role in the initial stages of embryo development; yet, the
influence of forces, particularly of tensile forces, on embryonic stem cell differentiation is still …