Cytokine receptors are critical regulators of the antimycobacterial immune response, playing
a key role in initiating and coordinating the recruitment and activation of immune cells during …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the etiological agent of tuberculosis. It is a pathogen that
continues to draw international concerns particularly due to the emergence of multi-drug …

Several human pathogens bind and respond to host cytokines, which can be considered a
virulence mechanism that communicates defensive actions of the host to the pathogen. This …

Protection against pathogens is a prerequisite for survival of most organisms. To cope with
this continuous challenge, complex defense mechanisms have evolved. The construction …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play critical role in the innate recognition of pathogens besides
orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses. These receptors exhibit exquisite …

Pathogenic mycobacteria gain entry to their hosts by inhalation or ingestion where they
adhere to different cell types and are subsequently internalized by professional phagocytic …

Chemokines and their G-protein-coupled receptors represent an ancient and complex
system of cellular communication participating in growth, development, homeostasis and …

The outcome of natural infections with pathogenic mycobacteria can range from early
asymptomatic clearance through latent infection to clinical disease. Different host and …

Pathogenic mycobacteria, in particular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of
tuberculosis, have the remarkable capacity to circumvent destruction within one of the most …

Chemokines are the key molecules that recruit immune cells by chemotaxis and act in
leukocyte activation during mycobacterial diseases. Currently, tuberculosis is a leading …