The heart is a functional syncytium controlled by a delicate and sophisticated balance
ensured by the tight coordination of its several cell subpopulations. Accordingly …

Neurological disorders including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),
schizophrenia, autism and epilepsy are associated with an increased incidence of …

In patients with heart failure (HF), the neuroendocrine systems of the sympathetic nervous
system (SNS), the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) and the arginine …

Diagnosis and treatment of patients with cardiovascular and neurologic diseases primarily
focus on the heart and brain, respectively. An increasing number of preclinical and clinical …

Abstract Purpose of Review The role of neuroimmune modulation and inflammation in
cardiovascular disease has been historically underappreciated. Physiological connections …

Background Aging is a multifactorial process associated with an impairment of autonomic
nervous system (ANS) function. Progressive ANS remodeling includes upregulation of …

In addition to traditional neurotransmitters of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous
systems, the heart also contains numerous neuropeptides. These neuropeptides not only …

The cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a crucial component in physiological and
pathological responses of the cardiovascular system. Through its 2 branches, the …

Neural elements of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system transduce sensory inputs from the
heart, blood vessels and other organs to ensure adequate cardiac function on a beat-to-beat …

The autonomic nervous system regulates all aspects of normal cardiac function, and is
recognized to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of many cardiovascular diseases. As …