Chronic pain patients often suffer from a decline in quality of life due to a lack of efficacious
long-term therapeutics. Moreover, the prevalence of chronic pain conditions is on the rise …

Microglia are dynamic immune cells with diverse roles in maintaining homeostasis of the
central nervous system. Dysregulation of microglia has been critically implicated in the …

Females greatly outnumber males as sufferers of chronic pain. Although social and
psychological factors certainly play a role in the differences in prevalence and incidence …

Chronic pain is a major global health issue that affects all populations regardless of sex,
age, ethnicity/race, or country of origin, leading to persistent physical and emotional distress …

To date, the mechanisms underlying how neuroimmune interactions contribute to sex
dimorphism of chronic pain remain elusive. Although women suffer from chronic pain at …

It has long been recognized that men and women have different degrees of susceptibility to
chronic pain. Greater recognition of the sexual dimorphism in chronic pain has resulted in …

Substantial evidence has implicated microglia in neuropathic pain. After peripheral nerve
injury, microglia in the spinal cord proliferate and increase cell-surface expression of the …

The study of chronic pain continues to generate ever-increasing numbers of publications,
but safe and efficacious treatments for chronic pain remain elusive. Recognition of sex …

In order to address how acute nociceptive pain can transition to nociplastic pain, we
developed a murine model in which acute injury-induced mechanical hypersensitivity was …

Pain is closely associated with the immune system, which exhibits sexual dimorphism. For
these reasons, neuro-immune interactions are suggested to drive sex differences in pain …