The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex, dynamic battlefield for both immune cells
and tumor cells. The advent of the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) since 2011, such as …

With the rapid clinical development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the standard of
care in cancer management has evolved rapidly. However, immunotherapy is not currently …

Simple Summary Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) constitute a paradigm shift in cancer
therapy, and it has greatly expanded our knowledge of anticancer immunity and has …

Cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade and CAR-T cell therapy,
has introduced revolutionary approaches to treating patients with cancer. The success and …

A dynamic and mutualistic interaction between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment
(TME) promotes the progression and metastasis of solid tumors. Cancer immunotherapy is …

Through genetic and epigenetic alterations, cancer cells present the immune system with a
diversity of antigens or neoantigens, which the organism must distinguish from self. The …

Simple Summary The tumor microenvironment comprises numerous different cellular
players that engage transformed cancer cells and may exert pro-vs anti-tumor functions …

The immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) play important roles in
tumorigenesis. It has been known that these tumor associated immune cells may possess …

Although recent cancer immunotherapy strategies, including immune-checkpoint blockade
(ie blocking PD-1, PD-L1 or CTLA-4), have shown durable clinical effects in some (but not …

The success of tumor treatment is defined by a combination of factors that include the cells
that make up the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME studies have contributed to …