B lymphocytes contribute to immunity through production of antibodies, antigen presentation
to T cells, and secretion of cytokines. B cells are generally considered in autoimmune …

When B cells react aggressively against self, the potential for pathology is extreme. It is
therefore not surprising that B-cell depletion is seen as an attractive therapy in autoimmune …

Studies over the past decade have demonstrated a key role for pattern recognition receptors
in the activation of autoreactive B cells. Self reactive B cells that manage to escape negative …

Aberrant B cell signaling plays a critical in role in various systemic and organ-specific
autoimmune diseases. This is supported by genetic evidence by many functional studies in …

In this review, we describe the non‐antibody‐mediated functions of B cells within the
immune system. In addition to antibody production, B cells also present antigen to T cells …

B cells are usually considered primarily for their unique capacity to produce antibodies after
differentiation into plasma cells. In addition to their roles as antibody-producing cells, it has …

B‐cell depletion can improve disease in some patients with rheumatoid arthritis or multiple
sclerosis, indicating the pathogenic contribution of B cells to autoimmunity. However, studies …

B lymphocytes are well known because of their key role in mediating humoral immune
responses. Upon encounter with antigen and on cognate interaction with T cells, they …

Summary Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by B cells lacking IgD and
CD27 (double negative; DN). We show that DN cell expansions reflected a subset of CXCR5 …

B cells are now acknowledged to play multiple roles in the immune response, in addition to
making antibodies. Their role in regulating T‐cell responses during inflammation has come …