Background: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) has been elaborated where goal
directed fluid and hemodynamic therapy (GDFHT) will be realized with trans-thoracic …

Background Dynamic indices of preload have been shown to better predict fluid
responsiveness than static variables in mechanically ventilated adults. In children, dynamic …

Aortic peak systolic velocity variation (ΔV peakAo) is a reliable dynamic indicator of preload
in mechanically ventilated children. However, easily measurable alternative parameters like …

The aortic velocity time integral (VTI) is an echocardiographic tool used to estimate cardiac
output (CO) by multiplying it with the aortic valve (AV) area and heart rate (HR). Inaccurate …

Background: Recent trial protocols with trans-thoracic echocardiography have been
elaborated in children to guide fluid and hemodynamic therapy. This Editorial describes the …

Background: Recently a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine
the impact of intraoperative goal directed fluid and hemodynamic therapy (GDFHT) in …

Abstract Objective: Transoesophageal Doppler (TOD) has been used in adults to optimise
left ventricular filling on the basis of the waveform parameters. We wished to see if a similar …

Background: Echocardiography is a tool widely used in diagnostic and interventional
cardiology. One retrospective study has demonstrated the impact of intraoperative …

Objectives Postoperative fluid management in children undergoing cardiac surgery requires
a balanced optimization. The blood flow velocity variation in the internal carotid artery (ΔICA) …

Rational and Objectives Non-invasive cardiac output (CO) measurements are essential
during the immediate post-operative course of young, congenital heart repaired patients …