Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2), a member of the B7 immune checkpoint protein
family, emerges as a crucial player in immune modulation. Despite its functional overlap with …

T cell receptor (TCR) down‐modulation after antigen presentation is a fundamental process
that regulates TCR signal transduction. Current understanding of this process is that intrinsic …

Much of the recent excitement in the translational field of tumor immunology and
immunotherapy has been generated by the recognition that immune checkpoint proteins can …

Antagonistic antibodies targeting the inhibitory immune-checkpoint receptor PD-1 or its
ligand PD-L1 are used to treat a wide range of cancer types and can substantially improve …

The recent success of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in cancer therapy illustrates the important
role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the regulation of antitumor immune responses. However …

The programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), by binding to PD-1 on the surface of immune cells,
activates a major immune checkpoint pathway. Elevated expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells …

ABSTRACT PT-112 is a novel platinum-pyrophosphate conjugate under clinical
development for cancer therapy. PT-112 mediates cytostatic and cytotoxic effects against a …

Although cancer immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade has shown
promising clinical responses, the limited host response rate and systemic side effects still …

The programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is highly expressed on the surface of antigen-
specific exhausted T cells and, upon interaction with its ligand PD-L1, can result in inhibition …

Background Immune checkpoint regulators, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and
the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) have …