The immune system defends the organism against invading pathogens. In recent decades it
became evident that elimination of such pathogens, termination of inflammation, and …

Brain norepinephrine (NE) modulates many aspects of the stress response. The interaction
between NE and neuropeptides such as galanin, with which it is closely associated and …

We have isolated a novel hypothalamic peptide, Galanin-like peptide (GALP), as a ligand for
galanin receptor subtype GalR2. To investigate the physiological role of GALP, we …

Neuroanatomical localization and physiological properties of galanin suggest that the
peptide may be involved in the regulation of seizures. Indeed, administration of galanin …

Galanin-like peptide (GALP) was recently purified on the basis of its preferential activation of
galanin receptor subtype 2 (GALR2) compared with galanin receptor subtype 1 (GALR1) …

The neuropeptide galanin has a widespread but no means ubiquitous expression pattern in
the nervous and endocrine systems. Profound changes in the levels and distribution of the …

Abstract Galanin, a 29-amino-acid peptide expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and
spinal dorsal horn interneurones, is regulated by nerve injury and peripheral inflammation …

Much research has focused on pathways leading to opiate addiction. Pathways opposing
addiction are more difficult to study but may be critical in developing interventions to combat …

Galanin (GAL) is a widely distributed neuropeptide with diverse biological effects including
modulation of hormone release, antinociception and modification of feeding behavior. Its …

The novel neuropeptide spexin (SPX) was discovered to activate galanin receptor 2
(GALR2) and 3 (GALR3) but not galanin receptor 1 (GALR1). Although GALR2 is known to …