Migraine is a prevalent disorder, affecting 15.1% of the world's population. In most cases, the
migraine attacks are sporadic; however, some individuals experience a gradual increase in …

Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by a unilateral, throbbing, pulsing
headache, which lasts for hours to days, and the pain can interfere with daily activities. It …

Background Pain is generally concomitant with an inflammatory reaction at the site where
the nociceptive fibers are activated. Rodent studies suggest that a sterile meningeal …

The implications of neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology
of migraine have been clearly demonstrated in preclinical migraine models involving several …

Migraine—an episodic headache—affects more than 10% of the general population.
Despite recent progress, drug therapy for preventing and treating migraine remains …

Here, in this review, we present our hypothesis of the migraine pathogenesis. We believe
that migraine attacks derive from a top-down dysfunctional process that initiates in a …

Neurogenic inflammation, a well-defined pathophysiologial process is characterized by the
release of potent vasoactive neuropeptides, predominantly calcitonin gene-related peptide …

Chronic migraine is a disabling neurological disorder that imposes a considerable burden
on individual and socioeconomic outcomes. Chronic migraine is defined as headaches …

Background Cytokines are important endogenous substances that are involved in immune
and inflammatory responses. Neurogenic inflammation has been proposed to play a role in …

Background The exact mechanisms underlying the onset of a migraine attack are not
completely understood. It is, however, now well accepted that the onset of the excruciating …