The shy-bold behavioral continuum is an element of animal behavior which is often studied
for its ecological relevance, particularly in the context of predation risk. How individuals …

Highlights•Behavioural responses to risky cues can vary along a shy–bold continuum.•Bold-
type responses may confer greater benefits under low-risk conditions.•Exposure to …

In recent years, evidence for interindividual variation in “personality” within animal
populations has been accumulating. Personality is defined as consistency in an individual's …

Shoaling is an evolved behavior in fishes that has several adaptive advantages, including
allowing individuals to avoid predation through risk dilution. However, factors such as size …

A behavioral syndrome is a suite of behaviors correlated across multiple social contexts. In
this study, boldness in the face of predation risk was assessed twice in fish across two …

Natural selection often promotes a mix of behavioural phenotypes in a population. Adaptive
variation in the propensity to take risks might explain individual differences in shyness and …

While many studies have examined both boldness and behavioral inhibition from
psychological, psychiatric and physiological perspectives, little in the way of controlled …

Consistent individual differences in behavioural responses to perceived predation risk may
have extensive ecological and evolutionary implications. We studied the repeatability of …

Although the existence of different personality traits within and between animal populations
has been relatively well established, the ecological implications of this variation remain …

Prey incorporate information about risk, safety, and the reliability of both of these cues when
assessing risk of predation. Here, we report results of an experiment testing avoidance of …