A carotid-cavernous fistula is a rare vascular anomaly involving abnormal communication
between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. This condition leads to the shunting of …

Carotid-cavernous fistulas are abnormal connections between the cavernous sinus and the
internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, their branches, or both. There are two broad …

Aim: To discuss the clinical presentation and the efficacy of endovascular management by
various methods as the treatment option for direct carotid cavernous fistulae. Method and …

Carotid cavernous fistulae are an uncommon disorder, actually consisting of 2 disease
processes. One category is a direct internal carotid artery to cavernous sinus fistula. A …

Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are abnormal communications between the carotid
arterial system and the cavernous sinus. CCFs are broadly classified as either direct or …

Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are an uncommon pathology in current neurosurgical
practice. Furthermore, they generally present a challenge to the neurosurgeon because of …

A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal arteriovenous shunt connecting the
internal carotid artery (ICA) and/or the external carotid artery (ECA) to the cavernous sinus …

Carotid–cavernous fistulas represent abnormal communication between the carotid
circulation and the cavernous sinus. They can be classified as direct or indirect. The Barrow …

Discussion: Carotid cavernous fistula occurs spontaneously or as a result of trauma or other
vascular abnormalities. Common clinical manifestations include proptosis, chemosis, and …

Spontaneous carotid cavernous fistula is usually caused by lesions in the internal carotid
cavernous sinus and its branches. We report a young male patient with no history of trauma …