In macaques, the middle lateral auditory cortex (ML) is a belt region adjacent to the primary
auditory cortex (A1) and believed to be at a hierarchically higher level. Although ML single …

Conflicting results have led to different views about how temporal modulation is encoded in
primary auditory cortex (A1). Some studies find a substantial population of neurons that …

We recorded from middle–lateral (ML) and primary (A1) auditory cortex while macaques
discriminated amplitude-modulated (AM) noise from unmodulated noise. Compared with A1 …

How attention influences single neuron responses in the auditory system remains
unresolved. We found that when monkeys actively discriminated temporally amplitude …

In many animals, the information most important for processing communication sounds,
including speech, consists of temporal envelope cues below∼ 20 Hz. Physiological studies …

Fluctuations in the amplitude envelope of complex sounds provide critical cues for hearing,
particularly for speech and animal vocalizations. Responses to amplitude modulation (AM) …

We recorded from middle lateral belt (ML) and primary (A1) auditory cortical neurons while
animals discriminated amplitude-modulated (AM) sounds and also while they sat passively …

Amplitude modulation (AM) is a common feature of natural sounds, and its detection is
biologically important. Even though most sounds are not fully modulated, the majority of …

Amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) are important components of
complex acoustic signals including speech. Response to AM tone is found at many places of …

Both mice and primates are used to model the human auditory system. The primate order
possesses unique cortical specializations that govern auditory processing. Given the power …