Background Sex chromosomes have arisen independently in a wide variety of species, yet
they share common characteristics, including the presence of suppressed recombination …

Dioecy has evolved numerous times in plants, but heteromorphic sex chromosomes are
apparently rare. Sex determination has been studied in multiple Salix and Populus …

Background Sex chromosomes have evolved independently multiple times in eukaryotes
and are therefore considered a prime example of convergent genome evolution. Sex …

Classical models suggest that recombination rates on sex chromosomes evolve in a
stepwise manner to localize sexually antagonistic variants in the sex in which they are …

Sex chromosomes can evolve when recombination is halted between a pair of
chromosomes, and this can lead to degeneration of the sex-limited chromosome. In the early …

The development of non-recombining sex chromosomes has radical effects on the evolution
of discrete sexes and sexual dimorphism. Although dioecy is rare in plants, sex …

Background Salicaceae species have diverse sex determination systems and frequent sex
chromosome turnovers. However, compared with poplars, the diversity of sex determination …

The genus Populus consists of dioecious woody species with largely unknown genetic
mechanisms for gender determination. We have discovered genetic and genomic features in …

There are two very interesting aspects to the evolution of sex chromosomes: what happens
after recombination between these chromosome pairs stops and why suppressed …

Dioecy, the presence of separate sexes on distinct individuals, has evolved repeatedly in
multiple plant lineages. However, the specific mechanisms by which sex systems evolve and …