With over millions of years of evolution, viruses can infect cells efficiently by utilizing their
unique structures. Similarly, the drug delivery process is designed to imitate the viral …

Nanomedicine, as an interdisciplinary discipline involving the development and application
of nanoscale materials and technologies, is rapidly developing under the impetus of …

Nanomedicines often involve the use of nanocarriers as a delivery system for drugs or
genes for maximizing the therapeutic effect and/or minimizing the adverse effect. From drug …

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology in recent years has opened new avenues of
investigation for biomedical sciences. Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) are formulated from plant …

The field of nanomedicine involves the design and fabrication of novel nanocarriers for the
intracellular delivery of therapeutic cargo or for use in molecular diagnostics. Although …

Viruses are nanomaterials with a number of properties that surpass those of many synthetic
nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications. They possess a rigorously ordered …

Over past decades, various strategies have been developed to enhance the delivery
efficiency of therapeutics and imaging agents to tumor tissues. However, the therapeutic …

Nanobiomaterials such as virus particles and artificial virus particles offer tremendous
opportunities to develop new biomedical applications such as drug‐or gene‐delivery …

Conspectus With a plethora of advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology, the
development of natural particle-based drug delivery vectors is a rapidly emerging field; …

Oral administration is the most preferred and simplest route, but it is highly challenging due
to the numerous barriers in the gastrointestinal tract. To overcome these barriers …