All organisms must secure essential trace elements (eg, Cu) for survival and reproduction.
However, excess trace element accumulation in cells is highly toxic. The maintenance of …

Cu is an essential trace element for cell growth and proliferation. However, excess of Cu
accumulation leads to cellular toxicity. Thus, precise and tight regulation of Cu homeostasis …

Abstract Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are essential nutrients for both pathogens and hosts;
however, their excess accumulation is toxic for all cells. The Aspergillus transcription factor …

Iron homeostasis is important for growth, reproduction and other metabolic processes in all
eukaryotes. However, the functions of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in iron …

The ubiquitous fungus Aspergillus flavus is notorious for contaminating many important
crops and food-stuffs with the carcinogenic mycotoxin, aflatoxin. This fungus is also the …

High amount of copper is toxic to most organisms, but endophytic fungi can develop survival
strategies to tolerate and respond to environmental stressors such as heavy metal …

Copper is an essential metal ion that performs many physiological functions in living
organisms. Deletion of Afmac1, which is a copper-responsive transcriptional activator in A …

Fusaric acid (FA) is one of the first secondary metabolites isolated from phytopathogenic
fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium. This molecule exerts a toxic effect on plants …

Aspergillus fumigatus is the leading cause of life-threatening invasive mold infections in
immunocompromised individuals. This ubiquitous saprophyte possesses several natural …

Bacteria resist copper (Cu) stress by implementing several metabolic mechanisms.
However, these mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated the mechanism of Cu …