Simple Summary Cell cultures can be carried out in three dimensions (3D). Organoids and
spheroids are different 3D cell culture models that can be cultured with different techniques …

Simple Summary Presently, the investigation of the tumor is carried out using different
models. One of the promising areas is the creation of 3D tumor models, such as spheroids …

Tumor models have created new avenues for personalized medicine and drug
development. A new culture model derived from a three-dimensional system, the tumor …

The recent advances in in vitro 3D culture technologies, such as organoids, have opened
new avenues for the development of novel, more physiological human cancer models. Such …

Cancer harbors variable heterogeneity and plasticity. Thus far, our comprehension is greatly
based on cell lines, organoids, and patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDTXs). Organoids …

Cancer is a top-ranked life-threatening disease with intratumor heterogeneity. Tumor
heterogeneity is associated with metastasis, relapse, and therapy resistance. These factors …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) cultures use the property of some cells to self-organize in
matrices and generate structures that can be programmed to represent an organ or a …

Organoid cultures have emerged as powerful model systems accelerating discoveries in
cellular and cancer biology. These three-dimensional cultures are amenable to diverse …

Organotypic models of patient-specific tumours are revolutionizing our understanding of
cancer heterogeneity and its implications for personalized medicine. These advancements …

Evolving understanding of structural and biological complexity of tumors has stimulated
development of physiologically relevant tumor models for cancer research and drug …