Highlights•Caribbean parrotfish freeze when they see or smell native predatory
groupers.•Caribbean parrotfish do not respond to similar cues from invasive predatory …

Local predator density should affect prey responses to predators by influencing predator
recognition and/or general risk avoidance amongst prey. I investigated whether behavioural …

Non-consumptive effects of predators can have important impacts on aquatic food webs, but
there are few data on how predators change the behaviour of Caribbean reef fishes. Such …

When prey encounter predators, they use different cues to indicate how to respond to
minimize the predation risk. How such proximate cues in the environment correspond to the …

How individuals respond to predation threats will have a large influence on which
individuals survive within a population. The magnitude and timing of these responses will be …

Successful predator defence depends on a prey fish's ability to assess and respond
appropriately to changes in predation risk. In their aquatic environment, prey fishes are …

Predators are an important selective pressure for prey, and responses to visual exposure to
non-predators and to allopatric and sympatric predators may assist the understanding of …

Despite the overwhelming importance of predation in coral reefs, there is a paucity of
information on how predators interact with and impact prey populations, and behavioural …

We conducted a series of size-structured laboratory experiments to quantify and compare
the susceptibility of several estuarine and marine forage fishes to attack and capture by …

Temporal variation in predation risk may fundamentally influence antipredator responses of
prey animals. To maximize lifetime fitness, prey must be able to optimize energy gain and …