Background It remains uncertain whether exposure to lower doses of alcohol is damaging to
the developing fetus. The present study aimed to investigate associations for boys and girls …

STUDY QUESTION Do prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking and birthweight influence
age at menarche (AAM) in a cohort of Australian girls? SUMMARY ANSWER We find that …

Objective To estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the
Netherlands in 2007 and 2010. Method During two identical, nation-wide surveys in 2007 …

While the devastating effects of parental alcohol use on children's health are well known, the
specific impact of childbirth on parental alcohol consumption has rarely been examined in …

Abstract Purpose of Review This study aims to review recent findings from epidemiological
studies published 2017–2022 on the potential associations between prenatal exposure to …

Aims: To examine the effect of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy on infant behavioral
outcomes and birth weight, and to investigate the differential susceptibility of infant …

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether fetal alcohol exposure contributes to alcohol use in
adolescence. In this study, we examine the association between maternal alcohol use in …

The aim of this study was to estimate the association between moderate alcohol
consumption in pregnancy and child development to the age of 3.5 years. Furthermore, the …

Please cite this paper as: Robinson M, Oddy W, McLean N, Jacoby P, Pennell CE, de Klerk
N, Zubrick S, Stanley F, Newnham J. Low–moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and risk to …

Purpose To estimate whether low-to-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with
selected birth outcomes. Methods Low-to-moderate prenatal alcohol drinking and effects on …