Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss
of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and it …

Parkinson's disease (PD) was one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a
slow and progressive loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra (SN) …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common degenerative disorders of the central
nervous system among the elderly. The disease is caused by the slow deterioration of the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the nervous system due to unceasing
impairment of dopaminergic neurons situated in the substantia nigra. At present, anti-PD …

Although the cause of dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains
unknown, oxidative stress has been strongly implicated. Because of their ability to combat …

To date, no drug has been proven to be neuroprotective or disease‐modifying for
Parkinson's disease (PD) in clinical trials. Here, we aimed to assess preclinical evidence of …

Objective: Previous studies showed that grape seed extract (GSE) is an excellent natural
substance with potent antioxidant effect and free radical scavenger. This study aimed to …

Gastrodia elata (GE) Blume is one of the most important traditional plants in Oriental
countries and has been used for centuries to improve various conditions. The phenolic …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and severe neurodegenerative disorder associated
with a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta. The crucial …

Numerous factors contribute to the death of substantia nigra (SN) dopamine (DA) neurons in
Parkinson's disease (PD). Compelling evidence implicates mitochondrial deficiency …