Smoking of classic cigarettes has been well-established as a health risk factor, including
cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary diseases. Adverse effects on human …

Tobacco smoking is a widely recognized health hazard and a major cause of preventable
morbidity and mortality, but smoking remains prevalent in our society. Approximately 30% of …

Objective Cigarette smoke contains many toxic chemicals associated with poor reproductive
outcome and reduced fertility. It also has a negative effect on sperm motility and morphology …

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is associated with lower fecundity rates, adverse
reproductive outcomes and a higher risk of IVF failures. Over the last few decades …

Approximately 21% of women of reproductive age and 22% of men of reproductive age in
the United States smoke cigarettes. Substantial harmful effects of cigarette smoke on …

BACKGROUND: Smoking by both male and female partners may play a significant role in
the success rates of assisted reproductive technologies. The objective of this 5-year …

BACKGROUND The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate whether any difference
exists in success rate of clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) …

In the United States, approximately 21% of adults report some form of tobacco use, although
18% report marijuana use. Although the negative impact of tobacco use in pregnancy is well …

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking (CS) is a widely recognized health hazard, yet it remains
prevalent in society and the effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure on fertility are …

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is widely believed to be associated with decreased
fecundity in naturally conceiving populations; however, the effect of female smoking on …