… and theory with treerings, some limitations … from tree rings. Accordingly, iWUE-time series
from multiple sites across the globe have provided numerous and invaluable insights into tree …

… The carbon isotope ratio (δ 13 C) in tree rings is commonly used to derive estimates of
the assimilation-to-stomatal conductance rate of trees, that is, intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE)…

… Redressing these gaps, as well as a more detailed exploration of nutrient and water effects
on the 13 C/ 12 C isotopic ratios in tree rings and a better quantification of the contributions of …

… We suggest the tree ring proxy approach used here could be … water use that could not be
inferred from short measurement campaigns. These data on the seasonal origins of forest water …

… from tree ring carbon and oxygen isotope chronologies to examine global trends in tree
ring–… an analysis of coupled tree ring–derived iWUE and ∆ 18 O lw over time (9, 20, 22, 23, 25). …

… δ 13 C has been widely used to study intrinsic water use efficiency in plants ( i WUE) [55,
58]… This study confirmed that tree rings can be an environmental monitoring tool and that the …

… We find that water availability exerts an important control on tree longevity in the tropics,
both in our analysis of the wider tropics as well as in the analysis restricted to the warm lowland …

… trees more vulnerable to severe drought episodes. A long-term trend of decreasing tree-ring
density and a reduced intrinsic water use … of carbon limitation and tree decline in drought-…

… on tree-ring iWUE may lead to biases in how C and water … sensing approaches) for water-use
efficiency over nonforested land. … First, we modeled tree ring α-cellulose Δ 18 O as follows: …

… of how δ13C represents a trees’ response to changes in water availability, air humidity, …
δ18Ocell: source water isotope ratio (δ18Osw, also see Chap. 18), leaf water isotope enrichment …