The role of adrenergic receptors and pain: The good, the bad, and the unknown

I Carroll, S Mackey, R Gaeta - Seminars in Anesthesia, Perioperative …, 2007 - Elsevier
… In a chronic constriction injury model (CCI), tizanidine showed … were seen in the IT clonidine
compared with IT morphine or … Thus, in the monkey, results similar to the mouse are seen. …

Antagonists of adenosine and alpha-2-adrenoceptors reverse the anticonvulsant effects of tizanidine in DBA/2 mice

GB De Sarro, A De Sarro - Neuropharmacology, 1989 - Elsevier
… Significant differences between groups treated with tizanidine alone or in associaxion with …
protective effects of tizanidine and perhaps of other alphaadrenoceptor agonists (ie clonidine) …

Meperidine Exerts Agonist Activity at the α2B-Adrenoceptor Subtype

K Takada, DJ Clark, MF Davies, PH Tonner… - The Journal of the …, 2002 - pubs.asahq.org
… hind-paw licking when compared with saline-injected animals. … the antinociceptive effects
of clonidine in mice when using … MR: Inhibitory effects of clonidine and tizanidine on release of …

The effects of α2-adrenoceptor agents on anti-hyperalgesic effects of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in a rat model of inflammatory pain

SM Vučković, MA Tomić, RM Stepanović-Petrović… - Pain, 2006 - Elsevier
involvement of α-adrenoceptors in the antinociceptive effects … dose–response curve and
compared to a theoretical additive … synergistic antinociception of carbamazepine–clonidine and …

Pharmacologic and therapeutic applications of alpha2-adrenoceptor subtypes

RR Ruffolo Jr, AJ Nichols, JM Stadel… - Annual review of …, 1993 - annualreviews.org
… greater efficacy and reduced side-effects compared to clonidine (159). … Tizanidine, an <X2-adrenoceptor
agonist structurally … The role of alpha-adrenoceptor SUbtypes in sympaн thetic …

Physiological significance of α2-adrenergic receptor subtype diversity: one receptor is not enough

M Philipp, M Brede, L Hein - American Journal of …, 2002 - journals.physiology.org
… α 2 -agonists, including clonidine and dexmedetomidine (18, 74). Compared with control
mice, α 2 -agonists were completely ineffective as an antinociceptive agent in the tail immersion …

The gastroprotective effects of tizanidine: an overview

M Emre - Current therapeutic research, 1998 - Elsevier
… when tizanidine was combined with au NSAID as compared with … These inhibitory actions
of tizanidine and clonidine were … was shown to have an independent antinociceptive action10*…

[PDF][PDF] Analgesic potency of alpha adrenergic agents after systemic administration in amphibians

GM Brenner, AJ Klopp, LL Deason… - Journal of Pharmacology …, 1994 - Citeseer
… , and the relative potencies compared to epinephnne= 1. 0 … decreased the analgesiC effect
of dexmedetomidine(80 and … , had no effect on dexmedetornidine but augmented clonidine

Low doses of tizanidine synergize the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of ketorolac or naproxen while reducing of side effects

SI Patiño-Camacho, MD Campos… - European journal of …, 2017 - Elsevier
… The purpose of this study was to compare the synergistic anti-… antinociceptive effect of tizanidine
(3 mg/kg, po), tizanidine … that tizanidine has a similar anti-inflammatory action to clonidine

The role of spinal serotonin receptor and alpha adrenoceptor on the antiallodynic effects induced by intrathecal milnacipran in chronic constriction injury rats

T Nakamura, T Ikeda, R Takeda, K Igawa… - European Journal of …, 2014 - Elsevier
involved in the antiallodynic and antinociceptive effects of SNRIs in rodent models with
neuropathic pain; however, the involvement … When antinociceptive effects were compared in each …